Turkish Ceramics Art
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TURKISH CERAMICS ART
BACKGROUND
The art of Turkish tiles and ceramics can be traced as far back as of the 8th century. As beautiful art works there are in Turkish ceramics and tiles, there were many rich cultures that passed down from generations to generations embedded within them. Starting with the Uighurs of the 8th century, and then later the art was influenced by the Seljuks and became full bloom in the 13th century. The Seljuks were skillful in mosaic tile that use for interior decoration, vaults and walls. In the late 15th century begins the Ottoman era of tile and ceramic making. The manufacturing techniques were advance and differ from the Seljuks. At the same time, wares were produced more than wall tiles, which later became famous. Ottoman ceramic were famous because of its strength, unfading colors, and the unique use of stylish motif. In the late 18th century, because of economic distressed, ceramic industry were deeply affected and died down almost completely. During 19th century the ceramic production in Turkey still suffered from the downfall of 18th century. Today, Turkey has revived the art of ceramic making in Kutahya, the new center of ceramic making. Turkey has once again regained its name to be one of the leaders in ceramic manufacturer.
ECONOMIC INFLUENCE
Ceramic tiles and wares play big part in Turkey’s economy. Other than oil and carpet, ceramic tiles and wares are also the main tourist attraction and exportation products of Turkey. In ceramic world, Turkey is one of the largest ceramics producers and exporter in the ceramic tile and sanitary ware sectors. There are 24 major firms in Turkey that manufactures over 300 million m2 (meter square) each year with seemingly to increase in the future. Turkish ceramic tiles are being export to many countries throughout the world. 48% of the tiles buyers are from Europe, 23% are from North America, 21% are from Asia, the rest are Africa and Oceania. The total number of exportation of ceramic tiles is 83 million m2 in year 2003, 94 million m2 in 2004, and 88 million m2 in 2005. As for ceramic sanitary wares, there are 11 major manufacturers that produce over 10 million pieces each year. The wares are also exported through out the world conduct of 66% of in Europe, 15% in Asia, 13% in North America, and the rest is throughout Africa and Oceania. The Total number of exportation of sanitary wares is 89 million kg in year 2003, 110 million kg in year 2004, and 119 million kg in year 2005. Despite the increased exportation in ceramic tiles and sanitary wares, Turkey is still in trade deficit. For the past decades, although the export has been increased in Turkey, the larger amount of import also has increased, which resulting a deficit over the years leaving $43 billion U.S. in year 2005.
REFERENCES
(2006, September 24). Turkey Imports, Exports and Trade Deficit History. Retrieved October 31, 2007, from aydin.net Web site: http://aydin.net/blog/2006/09/24/turkey-imports-exports-and-trade-deficit-history/
Bakir, Dr. Sitare Turan THE ART OF TURKISH TILES AND CERAMICS. Retrieved October 31, 2007, from turkishculture.org Web site: http://www.turkishculture.org/pages.php?ChildID=582&ParentID=9&ID=38&ChildID1=582
Brief History of Turkish Ceramics . Retrieved October 31, 2007, from bodrumlife Web site: http://www.bodrumlife.com/eng_july03/ceramics.htm
Sanitaryware Sector Statistic. Retrieved October 31, 2007, from turkishceramics Web site: http://www.turkishceramics.com/web/sw_statistics.asp
Student Art. Retrieved October 31, 2007, from School of Visual Art Web site: http://www.schoolofvisualarts.edu/sa/index.jsp?sid0=5&page_id=139&event_id=193
Tile Sector Statistic. Retrieved October 31, 2007, from turkishceramics Web site: http://www.turkishceramics.com/web/ct_statistics.asp
Turkey Economy. Retrieved October 31, 2007, from Encyclopaedia of the Orient Web site: http://lexicorient.com/e.o/turkey_2.htm
Turkish Economy/Export. Retrieved October 31, 2007, from TURIZM.NET Web site: http://www.turkishceramics.com/web/ct_statistics.asp
